| Introduction: | | | | Anencephaly (brain problem) and up to 70% of these |
| Folic acid, a water soluble B vitamin, occurs naturally in | | | | NTD s can be prevented by taking enough folic acid |
| food and can also be taken as food supplements. | | | | every day before conception and during pregnancy. |
| Naturally occurring sources of folic acid includes green | | | | A woman is likely to be at higher risk to deliver a |
| leaf vegetables (spinach, turnip), poultry, pork, | | | | NTD s affected baby if she has a previous NTD s |
| shellfish, peas beans, liver, cereal and citrus furies. | | | | affected pregnancy, is diabetic, takes medicine to |
| Folic acid is one of the necessary elements required | | | | treat epilepsy and is of Hispanic ethnicity. |
| for production and maintenance of human cell. | | | | Every woman, who is likely to become pregnant, |
| Folic acid deficiency and diseases: | | | | should take 400 micro grams of folic acid every day. |
| Folic acid deficiency may cause various disorders. | | | | Consuming supplemental folic acid in addition to a |
| Some of these are highlighted below.o Folic acid | | | | healthy folic acid rich diet before and during |
| deficiency may cause weakness, poor growth, | | | | pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of having |
| graying hair, inflammation of the tongue, palpitations | | | | neural tube defects in babies. |
| and behavioral disorder.o Folic acid deficiency is also | | | | Spina Bifida and Anencephaly disorders: Spina bifida is |
| associated with common stomach disorders including | | | | a spine disorder and part of spine at the lower end is |
| diarrhea, mouth ulcer and peptic ulcer, loss of | | | | damaged and a sack of fluid is entrapped in the |
| appetite and weight loss.o Folic acid deficiency in | | | | baby's back. Most children born with this spinal |
| pregnant women may cause premature delivery, low | | | | disorder survives full life and often has lifelong |
| birth weight of infants and infants with neural tube | | | | symptoms including unable to move lower part of the |
| defects (NTD s).o Anemia is sometimes associated | | | | body, loss of bowl and bladder and fluid pressure to |
| with the advance stage of folic acid deficiency.o You | | | | the brain. |
| may need increased folic acid intake if you are | | | | Anencephaly is a brain disorder and part of the brain |
| anemic, have kidney or liver disease, pregnant or | | | | skull bones may not form in babies. Most of the |
| breast-feeding. In all such cases you should consult | | | | babies having this defects die before or just after |
| your doctor before taking folic acid supplements.o | | | | birth. |
| The maximum folic acid intake should be limited to | | | | Role of folic acid and heart disease: |
| 1000 micro grams per day or as directed by the | | | | Low concentration of folic acid may increase the |
| health care provider.o Some other medications may | | | | amino acid homocysteine in the blood levels and |
| interact with folic acid includes medicines for epilepsy, | | | | consequently increases the risk of heart disease. High |
| medicines for controlling blood sugar, methotrexate | | | | level of homocysteine may damage the coronary |
| (medicines for treating cancer) and diuretics. If you | | | | arteries or can cause the blood clots, however there |
| are taking any of these medicines, you should | | | | is no evidence that supplemented folic acid will reduce |
| contact your doctor.o If you are 50 years of age, | | | | the risk of heart disease. |
| you should carry out your vitamin B 12 level before | | | | Role of folic acid and cancer: |
| taking supplemental diet of folic acid, as these are | | | | Folic acid is one of the essential elements involved in |
| chances of interaction between B12 vitamins and folic | | | | the synthesis of DNA and its deficiency may cause |
| acid. | | | | defects in DNA and consequently may lead to cancer. |
| Folic acid benefits: | | | | There are enough evidence to conclude that the |
| Role of folic acid during pregnancy: | | | | deficiency of folic acid is associated with the |
| Neural tube defects (NTD s) is a major defect of | | | | increased risk of breast, colon and pancreatic cancer, |
| brain and spine in babies causing damage to the brain | | | | however it is not advisable to supplement folic acid |
| or spine. The major NTD s include spina bifida ( spine | | | | for reducing the risk of such cancers. |
| problem) and | | | | |