| Denture Creams, like Poligrip and Fixodent, have been | | | | Paresthesias: Spontaneous feelings of numbness, |
| causing serious health problems in many people. | | | | tingling, pinching, sharp, deep stabs, electric shocks, or |
| Denture creams contain zinc, and excessive exposure | | | | buzzing in the arms and legs. Other types of |
| to zinc can lead to copper depletion, which when | | | | paresthesias include feelings of cold, warmth, burning, |
| severe, can cause serious neurological disorders. | | | | itching, and skin crawling. |
| More than 35 million Americans use denture creams, | | | | |
| such as Poligrip and Fixodent, to keep their dentures | | | | Dysesthesias: Unpleasant abnormal sensations that |
| in place. Yet the risk of denture cream zinc poisoning | | | | occur when a patient touches something, or is |
| is virtually unknown. The Food & Drug | | | | exposed to some other type of stimulus. Patients |
| Administration (FDA) has not required the | | | | suffering from this disorder may feel burning, |
| manufacturers of these products to warn users of | | | | wetness, itching, electric shock, "pins and needles" |
| this danger. As a result, many people suffering from | | | | and other uncomfortable sensations in their |
| neuropathy and other neurological problems are | | | | extremities, especially their hands and feet. |
| unaware that their symptoms are the result of | | | | Anemia: A blood disorder that occurs when the level |
| poisonous zinc denture creams. | | | | of healthy red blood cells in the body becomes too |
| Denture cream zinc poisoning could affect tens of | | | | low. Anemia can lead to serious health problems, |
| thousands of people. Because early treatment is vital | | | | including fatigue and impaired bodily organs. |
| to reversing zinc poisoning, it is important that | | | | Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes: These diseases are |
| denture wearers educate themselves about this risk. | | | | disorders of the hematopoietic stem cells that can |
| Neuropathy is one of the most common results of | | | | involve either one cell line or all of the cell lines |
| denture cream zinc poisoning. Neuropathy is a medical | | | | (erythroid for red cells, myeloid for white blood cells, |
| term describing disorders of the nerves of the | | | | megakaryocytic for platelets). |
| peripheral nervous system, Neuropathy can be a | | | | Denture cream zinc poisoning mimics many other |
| symptom or consequence of other diseases, like | | | | disorders, and is often misdiagnosed. To correctly |
| diabetes and it can be a side effect of some drugs, | | | | diagnose denture cream zinc poisoning, the zinc and |
| like chemotherapy agents. It can also be the result of | | | | copper levels in a patient's blood must be tested. |
| nutritional deficiencies, such as the copper depletion | | | | Most often, if a patient with denture cream zinc |
| caused by denture cream zinc poisoning. | | | | poisoning is misdiagnosed, they are thought to have a |
| The symptoms of denture cream neuropathy include: | | | | demyelinating disease. These types of disorders |
| • tingling or numbness in the extremities | | | | involve destruction of the myelin sheath - the |
| • loss of ability to move legs, feet, arms, or hands | | | | protective covering of the nerve cells. Some of the |
| • poor balance and coordination | | | | demyelinating diseases most often misdiagnosed in |
| • decrease in walking stride | | | | patients with denture adhesive neuropathy include: |
| • abnormal blood pressure and heart rate | | | | Multiple Sclerosis: People with denture adhesive |
| • reduced ability to perspire | | | | neuropathy are often suspected to be suffering |
| • constipation and bladder dysfunction. | | | | from Multiple Sclerosis. This is not surprising, as |
| At its most severe, denture cream neuropathy can | | | | Multiple Sclerosis affects more than 400,000 people in |
| leave patients permanently disabled. That's why early | | | | the U.S. Many of the symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis |
| detection of denture cream zinc poisoning is so | | | | are identical to those of zinc copper depletion. Multiple |
| important. | | | | sclerosis can be difficult to diagnose early in the |
| The evidence that zinc-containing denture creams can | | | | course of the disease, because symptoms often |
| cause neuropathy is growing. Researchers at the | | | | come and go — sometimes disappearing for |
| University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in | | | | months. |
| Dallas recently found a very strong link between | | | | Demyelinating Syndrome: This syndrome is often |
| zinc-containing denture adhesives and neuropathy. | | | | associated with other diseases, such as lupus. Typical |
| Their study, published in a 2008 issue of the journal | | | | symptoms include odd sensation in legs, arms, chest, |
| "Neurology" determined that neuropathy in four | | | | or face, such as tingling or numbness, or weakness; |
| patients was likely caused by their exposure to zinc | | | | blurriness or double vision; loss of dexterity; and |
| in these products. | | | | coordination problems. |
| The patients in the University of Texas study used | | | | |
| an average of two tubes of denture adhesive every | | | | Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy |
| week. Normal blood levels of copper range from 0.75 | | | | (CIDP): A rare neurological disorder in which there is |
| to 1.45 micrograms per milliliter (mL), but levels for | | | | swelling of nerve roots and destruction of the myelin |
| the patients in the report ranged from less than 0.1 | | | | sheath over the nerves. This disorder causes |
| to 0.23 micrograms per mL. The top normal number | | | | weakness, paralysis and/or impairment in motor |
| for zinc blood levels is 1.10 micrograms per mL, but | | | | function, especially of the arms and legs. Sensory loss |
| patients had levels ranging from 1.36 to 4.28 | | | | may also be present causing numbness, tingling, or |
| micrograms per mL. | | | | prickling sensations. The motor and sensory |
| Unfortunately, the damage the patients suffered was | | | | impairments usually affect both sides of the body, |
| not easily reversed. To treat symptoms, one patient | | | | and the degree of severity may vary. |
| took copper supplements but didn't stop using | | | | Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A disorder in which the |
| denture cream. His copper levels improved, but his | | | | body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral |
| zinc levels remained too high and he showed no | | | | nervous system. Early symptoms of this |
| improvement in his neurological symptoms. A second | | | | disorder-such as varying degrees of weakness or |
| patient, who took copper supplements and stopped | | | | tingling sensations in the legs-are similar to those |
| using denture adhesive showed improvement in | | | | caused by zinc copper deficiency. In many instances |
| copper and zinc levels, but no improvement in | | | | the weakness and abnormal sensations spread to the |
| neurological symptoms. | | | | arms and upper body. These symptoms can increase |
| Another patient's neurological symptoms included | | | | in intensity until certain muscles cannot be used at all. |
| weakness in the hands and poor balance, while | | | | When severe, a patient may suffer life-threatening |
| another had weakness in her arms and legs that | | | | paralysis. |
| made her wheelchair dependent, along with cognitive | | | | Those most at risk for denture cream zinc poisoning |
| decline and urinary incontinence. These patients | | | | are people who have used excessive amounts of |
| showed only "mild neurologic improvement" after | | | | these products for a long period of time. Many |
| they quit using denture adhesives and began taking | | | | denture wearers use large amounts of adhesive to |
| copper supplements. | | | | keep ill-fitting dentures in place. But this is a |
| In addition to neuropathy, denture cream zinc | | | | dangerous solution to the problem. Because of the |
| poisoning can cause a number of neurological | | | | risk of denture cream zinc poisoning, it is much safer |
| problems. These include: | | | | to seek the help of a dentist so that dentures can |
| | | | be properly fitted. |