How To Help Someone With Parkinson's Disease Thrive

Exercise helps manage Parkinson's diseasesituation.
Regular exercise, along with physical and occupationalThe PT can also treat slowness of movement.
therapy, can help maximize someone's fitness,Parkinson's disease typically impairs the automatic
mobility, and ability to continue her daily routines afterprocesses in the brain that allow a person to move
she's diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Helping herwithout thinking about it. One technique for helping
function at the optimum level now may offset somethe patient, say, stand up from sitting in a chair is to
of the physical limitations that can develop later.teach her to consciously think about each step of
First you'll want to help her understand why exercisethe motion in advance. It's also worth asking whether
is important. Then you can focus on ways to helpthe person has slowed down because the illness has
her work the best kinds of activity into her life.made her more sedentary, causing muscle weakness.
Exercise is vital for Parkinson's disease management.If so, the solution is to try to get her walking more,
At a time when someone with Parkinson's probablyaccording to Basham.
feels like she's losing control of her world, one of theSlowness, stiffness, or gait problems, along with
best things she can do for herself is exercise,nonmotor Parkinson's disease symptoms such as
movement disorder experts say. Not only do regulardepression and apathy, can sap a patient's motivation
workouts and physical activities lift the spirits, releaselevels. You or other family members might try joining
stress, and tune up the heart, they can also buildher for walks on a flat route. Start with 5- to
strength, flexibility, and endurance and improve10-minute jaunts and build her up to 30 minutes, at
posture.least three to five times a week, says Basham. Keep
A new British analysis that pooled the results ofin mind that walking may require her full focus on
multiple studies found that various exerciseputting one foot in front of the other. Trying to
interventions boosted physical functioning,engage in a conversation at the same time may tax
health-related quality of life, strength, balance, andher; if so, suggest holding off on chitchat until you
walking speed in Parkinson's patients. And sometake a break.
research on mice with Parkinson's disease-likeAlternative exercises for Parkinson's patients
symptoms even hints that exercise can enhance theOther workout options include dance,
brain's supply of dopamine, the chemical lacking inwater-resistance exercise, and tai chi, the ancient
Parkinson's patients.Chinese exercise that emphasizes flowing moves,
Physical therapy helps a Parkinson's patient exerciseposture, balance, and meditation. Check with a local
Even if the person with Parkinso's is a couch potato,medical center or movement disorders clinic to see if
it's never too late to benefit from exercise. To getit offers these kinds of classes for Parkinson's
started, she should first discuss with her doctorpatients or seniors.
whether she has any health issues that mightAlso highly recommended is a ten-lesson exercise
preclude certain kinds of activities.plan from theater arts coach John Argue, author of
Get workout pointers from a physical therapist. It'sParkinson's Disease and the Art of Moving. His book
important to take advantage of rehabilitative careand accompanying video teach Parkinson's patients to
services such as physical therapy early in Parkinson'spurposefully think themselves through the acts of
disease rather than waiting until problems arise, saysmoving and speaking.
Julie Carter, associate director of the ParkinsonThe most important thing is for your family member
Center of Oregon, in Portland.to find safe activities that she enjoys doing. If she
The person with Parkinson's can ask her neurologistdoesn't enjoy them, she probably won't keep doing
for a referral to a PT to help her plan a moderatethem.
exercise program. It's preferable to consult someoneOther resources:
knowledgeable about Parkinson's disease rather thanThe National Parkinson Foundation's free brochure,
simply see a trainer at the gym. People withParkinson Disease: Fitness Counts
Parkinson's often develop a stooped posture in whichA video or DVD of 24 seated exercises entitled
their spine and shoulder muscles -- along with otherMotivating Moves for People with Parkinson's,
big muscle groups in the arms and legs -- flexcoproduced by the Parkinson's Disease Foundation
forward. Strengthening the major extensor muscles,and available for purchase online.
such as the back shoulder muscles, can work toOccupational therapy helps keep Parkinson's patients
counterbalance this, but the average personal trainerindependent at home
may not realize the importance of that in Parkinson'sOTs can also offer solutions when Parkinson's disease
patients, says Carter.hinders the many little jobs of daily living, from
Based on an evaluation of the patient's physicalbathing and using the toilet to cooking and eating.
condition and her personal goals, the PT can design aThese licensed practitioners ask, "What does the
targeted program of strengthening, stretching,person need to do, want to do, and have to do to
balance, or aerobic fitness exercises. Your familybe able to maintain his daily activities, his life, and his
member can do these on her own or work on themlifestyle?" says Nancy Lowenstein, an OT at Boston
with a gym trainer (make sure the trainer doesn'tUniversity. The OT (occupational therapist) offers
modify the program without the PT's approval).strategies and adaptive devices -- from extra-long
Stretching is key. Because Parkinson's patients tendshoehorns to utensils with built-up, easy-grip handles
to become stiff and lose the ability to turn the torso,-- to navigate activities more easily and safely.
flexibility exercises are crucial for improving range ofIf the physical therapist prescribes a walker, for
motion. In Portland, Carter's center set up classes inexample, the OT might visit your family member at
pilates, a low-impact exercise system that focuseshome to figure out how she'll use it while getting
on breathing and rotating, extending, and flexing theclothing out of the closet. With each problem at hand,
spine. Pilates or a basic stretching routine can makeLowenstein says, the OT might advise changing the
"a big difference in how functional people are overway she does the activity or making changes in the
time," says Carter. "You can just see that they'rehome environment. If she has trouble carrying items
visibly able to take bigger strides, they can reacharound the kitchen because of a tremor, she could
better, they can turn better."use a small rolling cart to move them instead. The
Similarly, gentle yoga techniques of stretching,risk of slipping in the shower or bathtub could be
breathing, and relaxation can lengthen the spine andreduced by adding grab bars, a tub seat, or both.
extend the big muscle groups, says physical therapistWhen possible, you or other family members should
Marilyn Basham of the Parkinson's Institute and Clinicalgo to the initial physical therapy and occupational
Center in Sunnyvale, California. "If the spine istherapy visits with her. Understanding the challenges
elongated, breath comes in easier, swallowing isthat she faces will make it easier to provide the kind
easier, conversation is easier," she says.of support and patience that she needs from you.
Troubleshooting movement problems with Parkinson'sYou can remind her of the OT or PT's techniques
If the Parkinson's patient has difficulty with walking,and become part of the solution.
balance, pain, or activities such as dressing or gettingFor instance, says Lowenstein, if stiffness and
in and out of bed, the PT can analyze her gait andslowness make it a challenge for your family member
mobility and offer a range of treatments and copingto open a box of cereal, you could buy a container
strategies. For tripping and falling problems, the PTthat's easy to open and transfer the cereal into it. Or
may set her up with an assistive device such as aif she has trouble bending down to reach the pots
hiking stick or walker. Ideally, the PT or anand pans on the bottom kitchen shelf, you might
occupational therapist (OT) will make a home visitsuggest moving them to a more convenient spot.
and give tips on improving the safety of her living