Nursing Considerations For Peripheral Vascular Disease

If your patient is receiving drug therapy, monitor themonitor his PTT, and adjust the infusion rate, as
effects of the prescribed drugs. Assess theneeded.
neurovascular status of his legs and report anySome More Facts
deterioration in circulation.Teach your patient how to promote circulation. Help
Place lamb's wool between the patient's toes tohim devise a progressive exercise program to
prevent pressure necrosis. If he has ulcers, providedevelop collateral circulation and enhance venous
wound care as needed. Assess the ulcer for signsreturn. Instruct him to stop exercising if he feels pain.
and symptoms of infection. Cover the ulcer with aAlso, tell him to inspect his feet daily for color
dry sterile dressing, topical antibiotic, or other woundchanges, mottling, scabs, skin texture changes, skin
care product, as ordered.breakdown, and hair growth changes.
If your patient has had surgery for peripheralAdvise the patient to change positions frequently to
vascular disease, check his leg for color, temperature,avoid blood pooling in the feet. Teach him how to
sensation, movement, and pulses during thepromote perfusion by keeping his legs and feet
immediate postoperative period. Report any loss ofwarm and by avoiding vasoconstrictive substances,
pulse immediately. Observe the incision site forsuch as caffeine and nicotine. Tell him that wearing
redness, swelling, and drainage.tight, restrictive clothing on the legs can hinder blood
Turn and reposition your patient every 2 hours. Tellflow.
him to not cross his legs and to avoid severe hip orIf the physician has prescribed an anticoagulant,
knee flexion. To aid circulation, add a foot­boardreview its therapeutic effect, dosage, and adverse
to the bed, use a sheepskin under his legs, or placeeffects with your patient. Tell him that he'll have to
him on an air, pressure, or other special mattress.undergo frequent blood tests that monitor the drug's
If the patient has undergone percutaneous transeffectiveness.
luminal angioplasty or another form of surgicalIf your patient will have a home care nurse, tell him
catheterization, assess the site for bleeding, edema,that she'll assess his legs and feet and evaluate any
ecchymosis, and hematoma. Monitor his peripheralchanges. She'll also evaluate wounds and incisions,
pulses every 15 to 30 minutes for the first hour,provide wound care, and assess susceptible areas for
every hour for the next 4 hours, and then onceinfection. She'll reinforce proper foot care and teach
every 4 hours after that. Assess his leg for suddenhim to perform self-care. And she may observe him
changes in color and temperature. Also, monitor himas he sits and rests so that she can recommend
for muscle cramping, pain at rest, and changes inbetter positions for sitting and for elevating his legs.
motor and sensory function. Administer heparin,