| For many years, doctors have been working hard to | | | | 2. Family History - Your chances of developing |
| determine what causes Alzheimer's disease. Due to | | | | Alzheimer's are up to 7 times greater if you have a |
| the complex nature of the disease, the exact causes | | | | first degree relative (parent, sibling) that has the |
| are not yet fully understood. However, strides are | | | | disease. This number is even higher if multiple family |
| being made on a daily basis, and researchers have a | | | | members have the disease. |
| much clearer picture of Alzheimer's than they did | | | | 3. Genetics - The APOE-e4 gene has been identified |
| even a few years ago. | | | | as a risk gene for Alzheimer's. A risk gene increases |
| Most people with Alzheimer's disease have large | | | | the likelihood of developing a disease, but unlike a |
| quantities of plaques and tangles built up in their brain. | | | | deterministic gene, it fortunately doesn't guarantee |
| Plaques are deposits of the protein beta-amyloid | | | | you will develop it. |
| accumulating in the spaces between the brain's nerve | | | | The APOE gene provides the blueprint for one of the |
| cells. Tangles are deposits of the protein tau that | | | | proteins that carries cholesterol in the blood stream. |
| accumulate and become twisted inside of the brain's | | | | Everyone inherits a copy of an APOE gene from |
| nerve cells | | | | each parent. There are three types of APOE genes: |
| Two Types of Alzheimer's Disease | | | | APOE-e2, APOE-e3, and APOE-e4. Only the APOE-e4 |
| Researchers have determined that there are two | | | | gene has been linked to Alzheimer's. People with one |
| types of Alzheimer's: Familial Alzheimer's disease and | | | | copy of the APOE-e4 gene are 2-3 times more likely |
| Sporadic Alzheimer's disease. | | | | to develop Alzheimer's. People with two copies of |
| Familial Alzheimer's is a rare form of the disease. It is | | | | the gene (approximately 1% of the population) have |
| characterized by an early onset and affects less than | | | | a 9 times greater risk. |
| 10% of Alzheimer's patients. | | | | 4. Gender - Women have a greater risk of |
| People with Familial Alzheimer's have a "deterministic | | | | developing Alzheimer's than men. |
| gene" which inevitably leads to the development of | | | | 5. Education - Several studies have shown a |
| the disease. Only a few hundred families in the world | | | | connection between less education and an increased |
| have been found to carry the deterministic gene for | | | | risk of Alzheimer's. However, more research is |
| Alzheimer's. | | | | needed in this area. |
| Sporadic Alzheimer's is the more common form of | | | | 6. Head Injuries - Serious traumatic head injuries, such |
| the disease. There is no deterministic gene present in | | | | as concussions, have been linked to an increased risk |
| Sporadic Alzheimer's patients. The onset of the | | | | of Alzheimer's. |
| disease is much later in life (usually after age 65). | | | | But there is good news. According to Dharma Singh |
| Although there is no specific gene linked to this form | | | | Khalsa, M.D., President and Medical Director of the |
| of the disease, genetic factors do appear to play a | | | | non-profit Alzheimer's Research and Prevention |
| role in its development. | | | | Foundation, many of these risk factors can be |
| 6 Risk Factors to Know Right Now | | | | controlled by adopting good lifestyle choices. |
| Doctors have identified several risk factors which | | | | Dr. Khalsa has found that by lowering stress, |
| they can link to the development of Alzheimer's. The | | | | maintaining a healthy diet, and staying physically and |
| following 6 factors have shown to be prominent | | | | mentally active, it is possible to dramatically reduce |
| causes of the disease: | | | | your risk of developing Alzheimer's. |
| 1. Age - Alzheimer's disease usually develops after | | | | So while we are still uncertain as to precisely what |
| age 65. Less than 5% of people age 65-74 have | | | | causes Alzheimer's disease, it is clear that we have |
| Alzheimer's, but the chance of developing the disease | | | | considerable power to lower our chances of |
| doubles every 5 years after age 65. Almost 50% of | | | | developing it - if we take good care of our body and |
| the population over 85 are said to have developed | | | | mind. |
| some degree of Alzheimer's. | | | | |