Headstand and Inversion Yoga Poses - A Primer

Headstand (salamba shirshasana) is one of the yogaFor Half Shoulder stand:
poses that are considered inversion poses. Inversion* Lengthen the exhale
poses involve any asanas that lift the feet above the* Don't lock the chin
head. Other inversion poses that are well known* Keep your weight not on the head but on the
include shoulderstand (salamba sarvangasana) and halfwrists and elbows
shoulder stand (viparita karani). But even lying on the* Don't try to pull your torso (and legs) into the
floor with your legs on a chair is an inversion pose.vertical like in full shoulder stand if you have
The concept behind inversion poses is expressed indifficulties with your neck. By doing so, you're placing
yoga texts as viparita karani. Viparita karani ismore pressure on your neck.
translated as meaning 'opposite process'. This simply* Make sure you do the appropriate balancing
means facilitating a different perspective. From thepostures afterwards. These include shalabhasana and
purely physical point of view, this differentbhujangasana
perspective in inversion poses is literal - in terms ofFor Shoulder stand:
looking at the world from a different physical* Don't worry so much about keeping your elbows
viewpoint - as well as involving the body beingand arms parallel. This will create more tension in your
supported in a different way.neck if you're not proficient in this posture.
But as yoga is more than simply physical exercises,* Do the appropriate balancing postures. These are
there are other processes that are assisted. A lot ofthe same as for half shoulder stand.
yoga is designed to help us change mental habits asFor Headstand:
well as physical habits. Through increasing our ability* Don't ever make adjustments whilst in headstand.
to adapt to change, instead of being stuck in oldIf you feel your alignment is not quite right, come
habitual responses, we increase our capacity fordown and do it again.
growth and transformation. This applies in all areas of* Never do this posture first up, or without the
our lives.prerequisite postures. It will lead to stiffness in the
There is a theoretical concept in yoga about whyneck at best, and injury at worst. And the negative
inversion postures help. Ayurveda considers thateffects can build up over time. This posture is never
many of the body's impurities are in the lowerdone traditionally without preparation, and there is
abdomen. When we raise our feet above the head,reason for this.
gravity is assisting us to move these impurities* Use a wall for support as a learning stage
towards what the Ayurvedic system calls agni, or* Support your head with all of your fingers, including
'fire'. Agni particularly relates to our 'digestive fire', andthe little fingers and thumbs
is thus located above our lower abdomen.* Finding the right position for your head will make
So, by being upside down, and by using the deep andsure weight is distributed evenly, and ensure you
slow breathing typical of yoga, we help 'burn off' thedon't have to overly press down with your elbows
impurities that were previously stuck.to compensate
Improved circulation is a more readily apparent and* Think of the support for the whole body as being
less 'esoteric' benefit of inversion yoga poses.distributed evenly across both elbows and the head
Whilst inversion postures have many health benefits,* Don't hold your weight too much on the back of
the ability of an individual to receive those benefitsyour body. It will place too much pressure on your
depends as much on their capacity to comfortablyneck.
hold these sometimes difficult postures. For example,* Don't use props that allow the neck to be free. It
headstand and shoulder stand should simply not bewill lead to the neck muscles contracting
done if people are pregnant, have neck pain, high or* Use the balancing postures. Shoulder stand is the
low blood pressure, neck injuries, or are menstruating.traditional, but Mohan recommends half shoulder
And neither of these postures should be attemptedstand instead
without the appropriate preparatory postures.* Rest your neck before doing the balancing
Otherwise the risk is there that an injury, orpostures, however. Lie down with your legs bent.
stiffness, particularly to the neck area, will result.* Other balancing postures include chakravakasana,
Likewise, if doing these postures is verydvipada pitham with the arms, and shalabhasana
uncomfortable and difficult, more benefit will beThere may be fears or a sense of limitation about
derived from doing either the modified versions, ordoing inversion poses that will be confronted.
simply working on other yoga poses that strengthenSometimes, it's best to start an asana gradually.
these areas.Shoulder stand comes with a few variations that you
There are several important prerequisites for gettingcan use to build up strength and flexibility, as well as
the most benefit fro inversions. The first one, aovercome any fear based feelings about the posture
strong neck, I've mentioned. The others are a strongand your ability to do it.
back and abdominal muscles, and the capacity toOvercoming the fear, and finally being able to do a
breathe well whilst in the posture. The latter is goingdifficult pose that you thought you couldn't, can
to get better with practice, both of yoga itself andcreate positive psychological effects. When we prove
the inversions. It is also somewhat tied into having ato ourselves that our fears don't bind us, that we
strong back. Our back and stomach muscles willcan move beyond our limitations, we are more able
provide the support to hold the legs straight, whichto make changes in other areas of our lives where
inturn opens up the thoracic cavity, and increases ourbefore we thought it just wasn't possible.
ability to breathe well whilst upside down!References: A.G.
Tips for Doing the Inverted Postures